Internal combustion engine



July 17, 1934. A THAHELD 1,966,771

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 26, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet l gjwuentoz M 17, 1934. F A HAHELD 1,966,771

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 26, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 17,1934. F HAH L-D 1,966,771

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 26, 1930 4 Shets-Sheet s gwo qntoofer/ A. Tba/w/d July 17, 1934.

F. A. THAHELD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 26, 1930 4Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Jul 17, 1934 "PATENT OFFICE INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINE Feri A...Thaheld, Dallas, '.le x., assignor, by mesneassignments, to Guiberson Diesel Engine Company, Dover, DeL, acorporation of Delaware Application November 26, 1930, Serial No.498,351 I '1 Claims. (Cl. 123139) This invention relates to new anduseful improvements in internal combustion engines.

One object of the invention is to provide a fuel supply line or passagemade integral with the engine crank casing, whereby broken fuel lines,

fire hazards and other dangers resulting from exposed fuel lines areeliminated; and also whereby the numerous exposed connections to thefuel pumps are obviated.

A further object of the invention is to form the fuel passages entirelywithin the walls of the crank case, whereby the fuel liquid ispre-heated and made more readily combustible.

Another object of the invention is to provide a continuous fuel passagewithin the wall of the crank case; which may be intersected by fuelpumps, whereby an adequate supply of fuel is passed from one pump to theadjacent pump or pumps and all pumps thus fully supplied.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafterdescribed together with other featuresof the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of thefollowing specification and 25. by reference to the accompanyingdrawings in which an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

Figure 1 is a partial rear elevation of a multiple cylinder engineconstructed in accordance with the invention,

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same taken at right anglesto Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a partial transverse vertical sectional view showingelements of the fuel system and the, pumping mechanism,

Figure dis a partial vertical sectional view of the same parts, taken atright angles to Figure 3, Figure 5 is an enlarged vertical sectionalview of one of the pumps and its associated elements, and

. Figure 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing the fuel portsand passage.

,In the drawings the numeral 10 designates a split crank case which isdivided by transverse vertical partitions 11 and 12, (Fig. 2) into aforward chamber A, a middle or central chamber B and a rear chamber C.The chamber A may be designated as a nose "chamber and is preferablygiven a frustro conical shape so as to offer less wind resistance. Thecentral chamber might be designated as the main or crank chamber, whilethe chamber C may be called the central or fuel chamber.

invention form the subject matters of separate applications,-; it is notconsidered necessary to enter into a detailed description of the engineexcept in so far as is necessary for a clear explanation andunderstanding of the present. invention.

A crank shaft 13 is suitably mounted in the crank case and a pluralityof cylinders 14 are mounted radially on said crank case. Each cylinderis provided with a piston 15 having suitableconnection with the crankshaft. A valve 16 is provided at the outer end of each cylinder and eachvalve is operated by suitable mechanism.

The invention has been illustrated as applied 70 to an engine of thefuel injection type, and each cylinder is provided with an injector 17having a valve 18. Each injector is connected by means of a short tube19 with the head 20 of a pump 21. 1 Each pump includes a cylindricalbarrel 22 secured in the crank case preferably but not necessarily by aflange 23 and stud bolts 24 as is shown in Figure 5.

Fuel is supplied from a suitable source through a pipe 25 to a boosterpump 26 from which a feed pipe 27 extends in rear of the crank case, asis shown in Figure 1. An important feature of the invention .resides ina continuousfuel line or passage 28 wholly embedded in the wall of thecrank case in the chamber C. The fuel feed pipe 27 is connected with anipple 29 screwed into the wall of the crank case and discharging intothe fuel passage. Fuel is thus supplied r. under pressure to the fuelline and distributed. thereby. I

The barrel 2' of each pump, as is .best shown in Figure 5, is providedwith a shoulder portion 30 which rests upon a gasket 31 carried on aseat 32 in a cylindrical socket 133 which receives the shoulder portionof said barrel. The socket in-. tersects the passage .28 and the pumpbarrel is provided with an annular groove 34 which forms a by-pass for;the fuel passage. The groove aligns with the passage and is providedwith a strainer ring 35 which prevents foreign particles from enteringthe pump barrel.

A fuel plunger 36 having a close sliding fit in the bore of the barrel22 has a boss 3'7 at its lower end resting upon an actuating lever 38.This lever is periodically tripped by suitable mechanism operated by thecrank shaft 13. A coiled spring 39 carried by the pump barrel engagesthe plunger and holds the boss in contact As the invention hasparticularly to do with 5 the fuel system andas the other features ofthe with the lever. The pump is provided with diametrically oppositeports 40 shown in Figures 5 11 and 6, and these ports extend from thegroove 34 to the bore of the pump barrel. Normally the upper end of theplunger 36 is below these ports so that a full charge of fuel isassured.

It is obvious that when the lever 38 is swung upwardly the plunger 36will be lifted, thereby closing the ports 40 and expelling the fuelcharge through the cap.20 in to the tube 19 and finally through theinjector 1'7 to the engine cylinder. A suitable check valve 41 ismounted in the cap 20, and this prevents leakage back into the bore ofthe pump and the fuel passage 28. It will be seen that the passage 28 iscontinuous and extends from one pump to the adjacent pumps. Each groove34 is ample to by-pass the fuel as well as to feed the pump. Thisarrangement prevents one pump from starving another and assures an even,positive and ample fuel supply to all pumps.

The fuel liquid passing through. and entering the pumps will bepre-heated because of its location within the wall of the crank case.'It is obvious that this will be of great advantage and any heat storedwithin the crank case will be utilized in pre-heating the fuel andkeeping it warm for an indefinite period after the engine has stoppedrunning. The internal fuel passage and the mounting of the pumpseliminate the fuel line connections usually employed to connect the'pumps with the fuel line, and by this arrangement a serious source ofleakage is eliminated. It is pointed out that between the pumps thepassage 28 is formed in an internal boss or rib 28 (Figures 2 and 3),which boss is directly exposed to the heat of the crank case,particularly in the chamber C. By this arrangement heat is much morequickly transmitted to the fuel liquid than if the passage were embeddedwithin a thick wall instead of in the boss;

Various changes in the size and shape of the different parts, as well asmodifications and alterations, may be made within the scope of theappended claims.

Having illustrated and described a preferred form of the invention, whatI claim, is:

1. The combination in an engine of the character described, having acrank case having a surrounding wall, and radial cylinders mounted inthe wall of the case; of pumps having their barrels seated in andextending through the wall of the case, there being a separate pump foreach cylinder located adjacent thereto, fuel ducts confined in the wallof the crank case and connecting the pump barrels, each pump barrelhaving a surrounding groove connected with the ducts for formingtherewith a continuous fuel passage around the crank case, each pumphaving a fuel inlet connected with its groove, and means for supplyingfuel to the fuel ducts.

2. In an internal combustion engine having a crank case, a plurality ofcylinders projecting outwardly from the crank case, pumps for supplyingfuel to said cylinders mounted on said crank case, bosses exposed on theinner wall of the crank case and having fuel passages therein connectingsaid pumps, and means for supplying fuel to said passages.

3. The combination in an internal combustion engine having a crank case,a plurality of cylinders mounted on said crank case, and means mountedon the crank case for supplying fuel to said cylinders, of restrictedfuel lines located entirely in the wall of the 'crank case and formingstraight connections between said fuel supply means, whereby gas pocketsare avoided, and means for conducting fuel to said lines.

4. The combination in an internal combustion engine having a crank case,a plurality of cylinders mounted on said crank case, and means mountedon the crank case for supplying fuel to said cylinders, of pipe-likefuel lines-located entirely in the wall of the crank case and formingstraight connections between said fuel supply means, whereby gas pocketsare avoided and means for conducting fuel to said lines.

5. The combination in an internal combustion engine having a crank case,a plurality of cylinders projecting outwardly from the crank case, andpumps mounted on said crank case for supplying fuel to said cylinders;of a continuous restricted fuel line in the crank case wall extendingaround the case connecting the pumps, and means for supplying fuel tothe continuous line, said fuel line being formed of straight connectionsbetween adjacent pumps so as to avoid gas pockets.

6. The combination in an engine of the character described, having acrank case having a surrounding wall, and radial cylinders mounted inthe wall of the case; .of pumps having their barrels seated in andextending through the wall of the case, there being a separate pump foreach cylinder located adjacent thereto, restricted fuel lines confinedin the wall of the crank case and forming straight connections betweenthe pump barrels, each pump barrel having a surrounding groove connectedwith the lines for forming therewith a continuous fuel line around thecrank case, each pump having a fuel inlet connected with its groove, andmeans for supplying fuel to the fuel lines.

'7. The combination in an internal combustion engine having a crankcase, cylinders carried by the crank case, and fuel pumps mounted on thecrank case in spaced order, of pipe-like fuel lines of small sizeentirely embedded in the wall of the crank case for conveying fuel fromone pump to another, whereby fuel is rapidly replenished, and means forsupplying fuel to said lines.

FERI A. THAHELD.

